Globalization and Technology Changes free essay sample

Assess how globalization and technology changes have Impacted the corporation you researched. The company researched was universal Music Group because the music industry is ever growing and I wanted to know more about the company. As we all know, technology has been a major part of the music industry both good and bad. Technology has helped plenty of artists and hurt others. Since the introduction of the MPH and the popularity of the POD device, compact disc sales have declined and more music is being released without the record compass permission.Some may IEEE this as a major problem to the other major record labels that distribute music globally. But some are using the MPH to their advantage. A while ago an artist could not walk out of a studio and release a record in ten minutes. Now artists can get the music to their fans In record time and the fans can then download the song a lot faster than a drive to the local record store. We will write a custom essay sample on Globalization and Technology Changes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Overall sales are down In the music Industry, but according to sources Universal Music Group, the biggest of the worlds four major music companies, made the most money percentage and dollar wise from digital sales in 2008 (Lewis, 2009).Because its believed that music is a global language, universal Music Group makes money from all across the world. The company has artists and labels from multiple countries that are very successful in generating record sales. There are American artists that were at a point in their careers where their music was not selling as it once was, but now they are touring overseas. Technology and globalization have been a driving force in the music industry and Universal Music Group is reaping the benefits of both.It took the major labels a long time to embrace the digital age of music and they almost missed out on major money. Universal Music Group Is thriving In a declining music industry that has gone from analog to digital right before our eyes. Apply the industrial organization model and the resource-based model to determine how your corporation could earn above-average returns. By using the Industrial Organization model to earn above-average returns, universal Music Group will have to use the four underlying assumptions.First, the company will have to study the current state of the music industry and the economy as well. A struggling economy will bring record sales down, because people are budgeting their income a lot tighter and music will not be mongo one of the items they need to purchase. If people do not have enough money to purchase the music, chances are they will find other ways to get the audio through illegal links or burning compact discs. A struggling music Industry can be caused by a bad economy, but another key factor is poor music quality. If the music is not good, then chances are the songs will not get purchased. Sales have been on the decline In recent years due to technology advances and lack of artist development Is the mall problems to this epidemic. The labels have been putting out manufactured music for he past few years and the consumers are unhappy. The next step Is for the label to label company has a fair share of stars that can generate sales, so these releases need to be timed properly. Thirdly, the strategy must be selected for these stars to succeed.The final step would be for upper management of the record label, to use their highest selling acts to increase profit potential and create new trends. Universal Music Group has to come up with a marketing plan that caters to each act separately and uses the assets of the company to push these artists as high as they can go up the charts. Using the resource-based model for above-average returns assumes that each organization is a collection of unique resources and capabilities. The uniqueness of its resources and capabilities is the basis of a firms strategy and its ability to earn above-average returns. Michael A. Whit, 2013) Universal Music Groups resources are identified as artists, labels, publishing companies, merchandising, and distribution. The strengths and weaknesses of the labels resources will be compared to the competition. The record label will then determine which set of resources should be used to perform the task of generating a profit. A key factor they will test is to make sure that they (Universal Music Group) will do better than the competition. Universal will have to research what areas it excels in oppose to the other major record labels.Next Universal will locate a demographic that is interested in the products they are delivering to the masses. Once the demographic is determined the label will implement the strategy of promoting the music through all media outlets including, but not limited to, television, radio, print, and live performances. That is how Universal Music Group can earn above-average returns. Assess how the vision statement and mission statement of the corporation influence its overall success. The vision statement of Universal Music Group is to be the worlds largest music content company.This is a key statement to the overall success of the company, because it sets the bar very high not only for the artist but the employees of the company as well. A vision is what the company wants to achieve; and Universal Music Group is the worlds largest music content company with market leading positions in recorded music, music publishing, and merchandising according to their website (Overview). The mission statement of Universal Music Group is the recorded music business discovers and develops recording artist and then markets and promotes their music across a wide array of formats and platforms.Mugs music publishing company, Universal Music Publishing Group, discovers and develops songwriters, and owns and administers copyrights to musical compositions for use in recordings, public performances, and related uses, such as films and advertisements. (Overview) The vision and mission statement work hand and hand, and creates a template for Universal Music Group to grow and flourish as a business. Evaluate how each category of stakeholder impact the overall success of this corporation. Capital market stakeholders are the shareholders and ma jor suppliers of capital to a company.The capital market stakeholders of Universal Music Group will want to see profits rise and risk decrease. They will keep the record label with the mentality that profits must increase or albums may not come out, or boutique labels under the Universal Music Group franchise will fold. The product market shareholders for Universal Music Group are the consumers who buy the music and go to the concerts. The consumers re the ones who actually pay all the bills for the corporation. These customers Nail hurt the overall sales at Universal Music Group.The organizational stakeholders are the employees at the labels and the artist signed to the labels. The artist expect for their music to come out and do well with the right marketing and promotion from the label. Each artist wants the labels attention on their product once released and success from the public. An artists success depends greatly on their music but also the fans. Not every artist will have a successful album or song. But, good sales errant the employees at that label company that they will have their Job and better career opportunities.

Analyse and evaluate Shakespeares use of soliloquy in presenting the developing character of Hamlet Essay Example

Analyse and evaluate Shakespeares use of soliloquy in presenting the developing character of Hamlet Essay Example Analyse and evaluate Shakespeares use of soliloquy in presenting the developing character of Hamlet Paper Analyse and evaluate Shakespeares use of soliloquy in presenting the developing character of Hamlet Paper Essay Topic: Hamlet Hamlet by William Shakespeare is a drama performed between 1599 and 1601. Hamlet is a fusion of many themes, which bond together to form a complex, ambiguous play. Hamlet, simplified, is the story of a man brimming with vengeance, trying to avenge his fathers death which was caused by his uncle, Claudius who then marries Hamlets mother, Gertrude. The death of his father is a tragedy in itself. Perceptions of tragedies differ from individuals perspectives; anything can be a tragic as long as it takes the right composition or form. Calamitous situations weaved with anguish and despair in addition to the possibility of destruction and heartbreak are some of the most common elements employed by tragic writers. Dominant features of a tragedy also include the protagonists downfall, usually a consequence of their hamartia. This is evident in Hamlet. Hamlet, the protagonist encounters anagnorisis due to his hamartia, ultimately leading to death of most of the cast. The complexity of Hamlets character is a mystery to the audience but through soliloquys, William Shakespeare shows the audience Hamlets feelings and thoughts and how they develop. Soliloquies give the audience a chance to connect with the character as it gives the audience a chance to see the character unleashing their inner thoughts. This will lead to the audience being aware of the true identity of the character making it easier for them to comprehend and understand the true depths of both the story and character. Soliloquies are a vital tool used in Hamlet to understand the true insight on Hamlets character. Hamlet freely expresses his inner thoughts through soliloquies, this is the only real time the audience are aware of Hamlets feelings. Also, it gives the audience a chance to try to understand Hamlets complex character. This dramatic device is a key value in understanding the character of Hamlet and how he develops. Hamlet is portrayed by Shakespeare as a complicated individual. He is an enigma wrapped in a paradox. He is a walking contradiction, full of strong emotions just waiting to be unleashed. He is both melancholic but strong willed, even though his greatest weakness is his indecisiveness. He wallows in his grief wanting to take action but never seems to be able to. He is an incredibly articulate and genius character full of wit and intelligence. He is the definition of Aristotles tragic hero. His ambiguity is a conundrum. His personality develops as the play goes on, making his character traits more apparent. We first become aware of the true thoughts of Hamlets character in his first soliloquy. In Act 1 Scene 2 we are met with his mental state. Hamlet is full of grief; he is trying to come to terms with his fathers death but is met with more difficulties. His mother has re-married; she has re-married to his uncle. In this first soliloquy, Hamlet shows signs that can be applied to the aspects of the oedipal complex as part of his character. These soliloquiess aid us in understanding the true depths of Hamlets mind and thought process. The dominant cause of Hamlets grief is his mother re-marrying. He is disgusted that his mother has moved on so quickly and he believes the relationship is incestuous. With such dexterity to incestuous sheets! It is not, nor it cannot come to good. / But break my heart, for I must hold my tongue. (1. 2 . 157-9). However, Hamlet feels he shouldnt intervene and must hold his tongue. Hamlet at this point seems to be more concerned over his mothers affairs rather then his fathers death. Hamlet doesnt discuss how he is feeling about his fathers death. This fits the traits of the oedipal complex. Hamlet is aware his father is dead, subconsciously Hamlet believes now that his father is gone he can have his mother all to himself. However, he is met with a difficulty: Claudius. Hamlet feels great anger and towards Claudius which also fits in with the oedipal complex; hating the father, in this case hating the spouse of his mother. In this soliloquy Hamlet is full of negative emotions, he is showing melancholia, along with anger and frustration and grief too. Now that his father has died he sees no point in living, the world around him seems meaningless. He states How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, / Seem to me all the uses of this world! the world around him no longer has a use to him. Nothing has a purpose to him. He compares the world with a weeded garden. tis an unweeded garden, /That grows to seed; things rank and gross in nature. The words are showing that Hamlet feels the world is corrupt and rotting, and it is also a gross place. He realises that everything in the end will turn bad, and rank. He seems to think everything around him has decayed and nothing will really flourish anymore, everything he was comfortable with has just been taken away from him instantaneously and he doesnt seem to think anything will get better. Hamlet in contrast to Claudius sees his father as amazing. He thinks his father was excellent and now that Claudius is taking his place so quickly and his mother hasnt even had time to grieve, he finds that unbearable. O, God! beast, that wants discourse of reason, / Would have mournd longermarried with my uncle Hamlet think that even an animal would have mourned longer then what his mother did. He feels as though she is moving on too quickly. Hamlet seems to be trapped in the memory of his father, he doesnt seem to be completely grief ridden but it seems like he wants to reminisce his fathers existence. He wants to be close to his mother too, and he feels like its her duty to mourn. Going into another relationship so abruptly leaves Hamlet feeling as though she felt nothing towards her father. Hamlet believes all the tears she cried for him must therefore be fake. Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears/ Had left the flushing in her galled eyes She doesnt deserve to mourn, in Hamlets eyes. Hamlet at this point in the play is experiencing melancholia. He is grieving and is faced with more problems. This soliloquy helps us understand what Hamlet is feeling about the situation. Hamlet at this point is still an enigmatic character although he is showing his frustration quite clearly; he is yet to act upon his feelings and is trapped within his mind. Although he is feeling great annoyance towards the whole situation he hasnt confronted his mother about it yet. As the play progresses Hamlets character traits become more apparent. His indecisiveness is demonstrated in this soliloquy. He is confused about life and is contemplating suicide in Act 3 Scene 1 (lines 56-89). He is debating two possible scenarios; to live or to die. To be or not to be. This soliloquy unlike his other soliloquies is quite a thorough, thought out one. He is not in complete despair or anger, he is calm. Hamlet starts a philosophical speech on the good and bad sides of living. Hamlets predicament is that he is so unhappy with living; he just doesnt see the point of existing anymore. He is speculating whether death would actually be better then living. However, Hamlet is also acknowledging the fact that as he hasnt experienced death before he doesnt know how it is going to be like; he is not sure if he wants to take the chance and die; it could be a lot worse then living. If Hamlet does commit suicide there is no coming back. Shakespeare uses interesting phrases to create a vivid image in the audiences mind. Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, by comparing his situation to a sea of troubles creates an image in the audiences mind. This line can also demonstrate the physical representation of his mind. Like a sea of troubles everything is crashing inside him, nothing is going the right way. He wants to fight his despair but he doesnt see the point. He is thinking to maybe take the risk of suicide To sleep: perchance to dream. Perhaps if he died, he wou ld take the chance of falling into an eternal slumber, to dream to be at peace. However, he does realise that no-one can come back once they have taken their lives. The undiscoverd country from whose bourn/ No traveller returns. He is not willing to take the risk at this point. Hamlet associates death as a peaceful concept. He uses positive words to describe it. To sleep, to dream. As his life is filled with torment he sees death as an escape, to fall asleep and never wake, to live in a fantasy and dream. This soliloquy is showing us the paradox of Hamlets situation. He is required to kill Claudius because his father has told him to do so. But he also has his mind bent towards suicide. The 6th commandment prevents Hamlet from killing Claudius. Killing ones self is also going against the commandment. Also, Hamlet realises that if he does kill Claudius his outcome may be sentenced to a life time in hell. He doesnt really take this into consideration and really wants to kill Claudius and avenge his fathers death. He is stuck between two things, to listen to his father and kill Claudius and end up going to hell or let his fathers death go unpunished in this life. This is mentally eating up Hamlet. Since Hamlet is a firm believer in Christianity he should realise that Claudiuss crime wont go un punishable but he still feels obliged to avenge his fathers death. He is stuck in the situation. Hamlets mental state is not stable. He is always changing his moods abruptly and his soliloquies show his instability. His character at this point is reaching a climax. So far he hasnt acted upon filling his fathers wish although he really wants to do so. His indecisiveness has prevented him to do so. Although opportunities to do so have arised, he didnt take them. Hamlet finds a perfect chance to kill Claudius. But he thinks Claudius is praying. In the fourth soliloquy he expresses his thoughts on this (Act 3, scene 3 lines 73-97). Claudius is praying for forgiveness for what he has done. Hamlet believes if he kills Claudius now he will be forgiven and sent to heaven. Hamlet does not think this is the right moment to kill him now because his heinous crime will go unpunished, he wants Claudius o suffer for what he did. A villain kills my father; and for that / I, his sole son, do the same villain send / to heaven. Hamlet feels like its his duty to avenge his fathers death as he is the only son. He thinks if he kills Claudius now, his crime will go unpunished. Hamlet wants to ensure Claudius gets what he deserves: damnation. He feels like it is his duty to fulfil this. Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven, / And that his soul may be as damnd and black / As hell, whereto it goes. He wants to make sure there is no way Claudius will go to heaven. O, this is hire and salary, not revenge. This is not something Hamlet sees as revenge, but something he must do, something compulsory. These three soliloquies demonstrate Hamlets character and it shows his character development also. They portray his indecisiveness; he doesnt know when to kill Claudius. As he leaves it to the very end to take action the play ends in tragedy, naturally. He becomes more and more aware of his duty and feels the need to have to take Claudiuss life. Although Hamlets character seems to feign insanity by the end of the play Hamlets negative mind is definitely over powering him which leads to his mental breakdown. The soliloquies are successful in showing this as the audience get to see the slow progression of his insanity and how his character fully develops.

Case study of (Starbucks has not paid The UK corporation tax 2012)

Of (Starbucks has not paid The UK corporation tax 2012) - Case Study Example According to this theory, an organisation is part of the society in which it operates (Benoit, 2000). An organisation, therefore, is supposed to adhere to certain, explicit or implicit, norms and values. The voluntary disclosures therefore are seen as biased because they are influenced by the interaction of the firm and that particular society. This theory, therefore, emphasizes that the vehicle for voluntary disclosure and the information disclosed be analyzed in context of the society in which the organisation operates (Benoit, 1995). Closely related to the system oriented theories is the legitimacy theory. This theory states that the organisation derives its legitimacy from the society in which it operates. Therefore, the society has a multitude of implicit and explicit expectations on the organisation which the organisation should not forego. A firm can only be seen as legitimate if its status, condition or operations are in sync with the society’s expectations. The societ y supports legitimate businesses (Islam and Deegan, 2010). One of the ways to legitimize a business is by making voluntary disclosures for the benefit of the society. ... This theory states that when a crisis becomes a threat a reputation-conscious organisation will always respond to save its image, identity or reputation by voluntarily releasing information that directly counters that which is eroding its reputation. This theory proposes a wide variety of measures to be taken including excuses, justification, denial and apologies (Freeman, 1984). The Case Context Starbucks is the second largest restaurant chain globally after McDonalds. It is valued at $40 billion. The company has many units distributed across the globe and the focus of this literature will be the UK unit. In the year ending September 30th 2012 the company’s UK unit recorded a loss in its operations consequently failing to pay the corporate income tax for the third year in a row (Bergin, 2012). The information was first released by Reuters who asserted that even though the company was recording losses, its management was still declaring it as a viable undertaking with lessons to be emulated by other firms and branches. This mixed information to investors and the taxman brewed a crisis with the esteemed customers with the British government accusing Starbucks of tax evasion (Neville, 2012). Data In its 14 years of operations in the UK, Starbucks had never recorded a profit; this is despite making sales of over $4.8 billion (3 billion UK pounds). According to Her Majesty Revenue and Customs authority, Starbucks had failed to declare any profits during its entire period in operation in the UK managing to pay only 8.6 million UK pounds in 14 years. McDonalds, its main rival, managed to pay as corporate income tax of 80 million UK pounds from its 3.6 billion worth of sales in the UK market and the third largest

Television in the Modern Media System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Television in the Modern Media System - Essay Example As a matter of fact, in this rapidly-evolving world where media has spread across the globe, issues that come with media’s operations should be extensively documented. Here, the point of your argumentative claim becomes relevant. Your type of support includes reason and emotion. Hence, in order to raise the persuasive ability of your article, the intensity of emotion and the clarity of reasoning need to be maximized. In fact, the actual body of the article contains some points worth discussion. The first statement of paragraph 10 is perhaps the most vivid expression of your stance. I would like to appreciate this since you made a clear claim about your argument here; you mentioned how media has become an omnipresent activity and parents are helpless when it comes to monitoring sexual exposure towards children. The benefit of this is that most readers are not fully attentive throughout the whole reading process, so the writing must possess simple straightforward expressions of your principle idea. If one fails to do that, the reader might not be able to understand your point of view and your idea might be camouflaged by wordy expressions and complex structuring. Therefore, it is highly critical to organize and outline the viewpoint, especially in argumentative essays (Writing Position Papers). Often, you have used research statistics and figures to support your claim. You have mentioned research findings of the American population, which is reasonable since your audience is American; however, there feels a slight insufficiency of supporting statistics in your writing. This is because when one writes about an issue concerning the whole society and people, regardless of demographics, there needs to be a substantial amount of information to notify the scale of the issue and also to support one’s claims.  

Event planning: The Southeast Asian Games

Event planning: The Southeast Asian Games Introduction to event The 2015 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 28th Southeast Asian Games or 28th Sea Games is a multi-sport event hosted by the city-state of Singapore. Sea games is held once in two years since 1959 and the first time is held in Thailand, Bangkok. The games are under regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Olympic Council of Asia. The games are participated by 11 countries which are Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Timor-Leste, Brunei and Laos (28th SEA Games, 2015). Singapore is the fourth time has hosted Southeast Asian Games since 1993, after a 22-year long hiatus. The 28th Southeast Asian Games was held from 5th June 2015 until 16th June 2015 at the Singapore Sports Hub as main sporting location. The SEA Games was conceived as an expedient to avail forge vigorous regional cooperation, understanding and unity within the South East Asian community. It was established to be a bi-annual multi-sports event to take place between the years when the Olympic Games and the Asian Games were held. In addition to that, about 7000 athletes from 11 participating nations with 36 sports and 402 events will feature in the 28th Southeast Asian Games Singapore 2015. In 2011 during the 26th Southeast Asian Games, held in Indonesian cities Palembang and Jakarta, as the host of the 28th Southeast Asian Games of 2015, Singapore has been nominated to host the event in 2007 and 2013 before, but turned down both opportunities referring to costs connected with the construction of the new Singapore Sports Hub. The 28th SEA Games will show the people of the Southeast Asia that success ultimately comes to ordinary people with extraordinary dreams. It’s not about having a champion, but inspiring the champion that is inside each of us. Stakeholder of the event People and organisations with a legitimate interest in the outcomes of an event are known as stakeholders. The successful event manager must be able to identify the range of stakeholders in an event and manage their individual needs, which will sometimes overlap and conflict (Johnny et al, 2007). As with event impacts, the event will be judged by its success in balancing the competing needs, expectations and interests of a diverse range of stakeholders. When asked the question ‘what makes an event successful’, there are now numerous shareholders that are key components of modern major events that are looking at a whole range of different measures of success. Thus, the stakeholders that I have chosen for discussion of the event impacts are the government and the sponsorship. The first stakeholders that I have chosen is the organizer of the 28th Southeast Asian Games, which is the Singapore Sports Council (SSC) as it relates to stakeholders of government of Singapore. The Singapore Sports Council (SSC) is the national sports agency responsible for engendering access, opportunities and capabilities for individuals to live better through sports. Through Vision 2030, Singapore Sports Council seeks to employ sports as a national strategy to stimulate positive, deeply embedded values for Singaporeans and Singapore. Singapore Sports Council was founded in 1973, through the merger of the National Sports Promotion Board (NSPB) and the National Stadium Corporation (NSC). It engenders opportunities for people to excel in sports; opportunities for people to be engaged in sports as, coaches, officials, volunteers or fans and opportunities for people to do business in sports as sponsors and investors. Singapore is a sovereign republic, with a legal system based on the English common law. The Constitution lays down the fundamental principles and basic framework for the three organs of state, namely, the Executive, the Legislative and the Judiciary. The Executive comprises the Cabinet, which is responsible for the general direction of the Government and accountable to Parliament. The Legislature comprises the Parliament and is the legislative authority responsible for enacting legislation. More information on the history of Parliament, Parliament House and activities of the House can be obtained from its website. The Judiciarys function is to independently administer justice. The Judiciary is safeguarded by the Constitution. The Prime Minister of Singapore is appointed by the President of Singapore under Article 25 of the Constitution. The President, acting on the advice of the Prime Minister, also appoints other Ministers from among the Members of Parliament. The Prime Minister is the effective head of the executive branch of government. He chairs the Cabinet, which is the central decision-making body of the executive government. It is an organ of state and central to Singapores system of government. Click for more information on the Cabinet appointments. In order to attract sponsorships, event managers must offer tangible benefits to sponsors, and effective programs to deliver them. Large corporations such as Coca-Cola, 100 Plus and Telstra receive hundreds of sponsorship applications each week, and only consider those events that have a close fit with corporate objectives and a demonstrable ability to deliver benefits. For the event, sponsorship is therefore much more than a means of boosting revenues, but must also meet the needs and objectives of its sponsors (William et al, 2007). Therefore, the second stakeholders that I have chosen is the main sponsor of 28th Southeast Asian Games, which is the NTUC FairPrice and NTUC FairPrice Foundation. NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd was founded by the labour movement in 1973, with a social mission to moderate the cost of living in Singapore. From one supermarket, it has grown to become Singapore’s largest retailer serving about 430,000 shoppers daily, with a network of over 120 outlets, comprising FairPrice supermarkets, FairPrice Finest and FairPriceXtra. Its convenience stores, FairPrice Xpress and Cheers, has a network spanning over 160 convenience stores island wide and serves over 100,000 customers daily. NTUC FairPrice also owns a Fresh Food Distribution Centre and a centralised warehousing and distribution company. Today, with its multiple retail formats serving the varied needs and interests of people from all walks of life, NTUC FairPrice has kept pace with the changing needs of its customers while remaining committed to its social mission and its aspiration to be Singapore’s leading world-class retailer with a heart. Guided by the philosophy to do well in order to do good for the community, NTUC FairPrice set up the FairPrice Foundation in 2008 to focus its giving efforts to provide a better life for the community. FairPrice Foundation focuses its giving on three strategic thrusts – the poor and needy, nation building and community bonding, and advancing workers’ welfare. FairPrice has since donated $76 million to the Foundation to further these three areas of focus. Political benefits of the event towards chosen stakeholder Based on the details above, political benefits towards NTUC FairPrice and NTUC FairPrice Foundation is increase international prestige. In Singapore, NTUC FairPrice’s sponsorship of 28th Sea Games gave it the benefits of getting its brand name quickly recognised in the Singapore market. It is important for event managers to identify exactly what NTUC FairPrice want from 28th Sea Games and what the 28th Sea Games can deliver for them. They may be seeking mechanisms to drive sales, or want to strengthen client relationships through 28th Sea Games to increase their international prestige and to attract more new customer. Besides, political benefits towards NTUC FairPrice and NTUC FairPrice Foundation and the government of Singapore is promoting social cohesion. The sponsorship will include SGD $2 million cash from FairPrice Foundation and SGD $3 million value in kind from NTUC FairPrice to the 28th Sea Games in support of the region’s most prestigious multisport event. This is the largest donation FairPrice and FairPrice Foundation have made to a sporting event to date. This is an ideal partnership for the organizer of 28th SEA Games which are Singapore Sports Council (SSC) as NTUC FairPrice has a strong relationship with the community. As part of FairPrice Foundation’s aim to create a better life for the community, the Foundation supports major activities and social community projects that cater to Singaporeans at large, to foster closer relationships among the community. Economic benefits of the event towards chosen stakeholder A primary concern of an event entrepreneur or host organisation is whether an event is within budget and, hopefully, results in a surplus or profit. This is a simple matter of whether the income from sponsorship, merchandise and ticket sales exceeds the costs of conducting and marketing the event. However, from the perspectives of the host communities and governments, a wider range of economic impacts is often of equal or greater significance. Therefore, economic benefits towards government are business opportunities and employment creation. Events can provide their host communities with a strong platform for showcasing their expertise, hosting potential investors and promoting new business opportunities. During the 28th SEA Games, the government of Singapore spent Environmental benefits of the event towards chosen stakeholder A major event may require an environmental impact assessment before council permission is granted for it to proceed. Even if a formal study is not required, the event manager should carefully consider the likely impact of the event on the environment. This impact will be fairly contained if the event is to be held in a suitable purpose-built venue, for example, a stadium, sportsground, showground or entertainment centre, but may be much greater if the event is to be held in a public space not ordinarily reserved for events such as a park, town square or street. Crowd movement and control, noise levels, access and parking will often be important considerations. Therefore, environmental benefits towards government is increased environmental awareness and urban transformation and renewal. Firstly, environmental benefits towards government is increased environmental awareness. Governments of Singapore in 28th Sea Games, are increasingly using public education and legislation to promote the recycling of waste materials and reduce the amount of waste going to landfill. 28th Sea Games are targeted as opportunities to demonstrate best practice models in waste management and to change public attitudes and habits. Incorporating a waste management plan into the overall event plan has become increasingly good policy. Audience of the 28th Sea Games expectations and the health of the environment require that events demonstrate good waste management principles and provide models for recycling. The waste-wise event manager (government) will reap not only economic benefits, but also the approval of an increasing environmentally aware public. Secondly, environmental benefits towards government is urban transformation and renewal. In the staging of large events in Singapore such as this 28th Sea Games, the provision of infrastructure is often a costly budget component, but this expenditure usually results in an improved environment and facilities for Singapore, and provides a strong incentive for Singapore to act as host. The government of Singapore has been constructed the original stadium to a new sport complex, which is the Singapore Sports Hub and it will be Singapores premier land and sea sports, entertainment and lifestyle destination. The Singapore Sports Hub is a state-of-the-art, fully integrated sports, entertainment and lifestyle hub that will allow everyone in Singapore to watch, play and support sports and entertainment. Featuring a unique cluster development of integrated world-class sports facilities within the city, it will not only spur the development of the sports industry, excellence and participation, but also take sports to the next level in Singapore. Other Related Information Reference List 28th SEA Games. Available from: https://www.seagames2015.com > NTUC FairPrice. Available from: www.fairprice.com.sg > Government Singapore. Available from: www.fairprice.com.sg > Johnny Allen, William O’Toole, Robert Harris, Ian McDonnell, 2007. Festival Special Event Management, Irwin, Sydney. Jonathan Wong, 2015. Singapore SEA Games Budget. Available from: http://www.gov.sg/government/web/content/61466480471bdd139c90dc5660466bae/20150129_ST_SporesSEAGamesbudget3245m.pdf?MOD=AJPERESuseDefaultText=0useDefaultDesc=0> Gene Deletion Strategy: Identify Function of Non-Coding RNA Gene Deletion Strategy: Identify Function of Non-Coding RNA Molecular Biology mainly Non coding RNA Project Contents (Jump to) Non coding RNA Small Nuclear RNA genes Materials and Methods Media YPD and YPD+G418 plates Strain confirmation References A Gene Deletion Strategy to Identify the Function of Non-Coding RNA in the Eukaryotic Genome, Using the Model Organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae Abstract The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a key model organism for investigating cellular processes. While it is important to determine the role protein-coding genes play in biological, it is now clear that RNA also plays an important role in these cellular processes. Deletion cassettes were constructed successfully by a PCR based strategy for 12 ncRNAs, which are snR19, snR20, snR14, snR6, snR7, TLC1, SCR1, NME1, RPR1, RUF20, RUF21, and RUF22. Deletions cassettes were transformed into the diploid reference strain BY4743 and the ncRNA gene replaced with the KanMX marker byhomologous recombination. Heterozygous deletion strains were confirmed for each of the 12 genes by extensive PCR analysis and showed positive results for the insertion of the cassette. Following sporulation and tetrad dissection to segregate haploid spores and growth on different selective media, 10 of the 12 ncRNAs were shown to be essential for cell survival by producing 2 viable spores. These include snR19, snR20, sn R14, snR6, snR7, TLC1, SCR1, NME1, RPR1 and RUF20.However, RUF21 and RUF 22 produced four viable haploid spores indicating that these are non-essential genes for the cell.This resource will now enable the role of ncRNAs in cellular processes to be determined, by growth of these deletion strains in a range of different conditions and in different genetic backgrounds. Non coding RNA The term non-coding RNA (ncrna) is usually utilized for RNA that does not encode a protein, however this does not imply that such Rnas dont contain data nor have capacity. In spite of the fact that it has been by and large accepted that most hereditary data is transacted by proteins, late proof proposes that most of the genomes of vertebrates and other complex life forms is indeed translated into ncrnas, a considerable lot of which are alternatively joined and/or transformed into more diminutive items. These ncrnas incorporate micrornas and snornas (numerous if not a large portion of which stay to be distinguished), and likely different classes of yet-to-be-found little administrative Rnas, and a huge number of longer transcripts (counting complex examples of intertwining and covering sense and antisense transcripts), the vast majority of whose capacities are obscure. These Rnas (counting those inferred from introns) seem to embody a shrouded layer of internal signs that control diff erent levels of quality articulation in physiology and advancement, including chromatin structural engineering/epigenetic memory, translation, RNA grafting, altering, interpretation and turnover. RNA administrative systems may focus a large portion of our complex attributes, assume a critical part in ailment and constitute an unexplored universe of hereditary variety both inside and between species. (Mattick JS, 2006) In this project, the functionality of the following non-coding RNA genes in S.cerevisiae will be determined. The non-coding RNA genes mentioned in this study have significant importance in the yeast genome and the determination of functionality of these genes will unveil their exact contribution to eukaryotic cellular function. Non coding RNA genes are those that are transcribed but not translated. They code for either long (>200) or short (200et al., 2012). The highly abundant short non coding RNA genes have been well characterized and are known to play an important role in various cellular functions such as transcriptional regulation, translation regulation, RNA editing etc. Both long and short non coding RNAs are mostly transcribed by RNA polymerase II. However, some species of non coding RNAs are also transcribed by RNA pol III and I. Small Nuclear RNA genes The review article by Guthrie explains the steps that were undertaken to identify the snRNAs associated with the spliceosome (Guthrie and Patterson, 1988) and work carried out by the same group revealed that many of the ‘U-RNAs’ were encoded by single-copy genes, such as U5 which is encoded by snR7 (Riedel et al., 1986). ‘U’ in RNA stand for Uracil, each nucleotide in RNA encloses a ribose sugar, with carbons numbered 1 throughout 5. A base is appended to the 1 position, all in all, cytosine (C), adenine (A), uracil (U), or guanine (G). Cytosine and uracil are pyrimidines, Adenine and guanine are purines. Materials and Methods Media YPD and YPD+G418 plates YPD media were made from 2% D-glucose, 1% Bacto yeast extract, 2% Bacto-peptone. YPD plates were prepared by adding 2% agar to the YPD media. Agar (2%) and G418 Geneticin (200Â µg/ml) was supplement in the YPD media for the preparation YPD+G418 plates. The recepie for YPD+G418 plates is: Bacto Peptone Difco 10g Bacto Yeast Extract Difco 10g Glucose 20g Bacto Agar (if plates) 20g Distilled water qsp 1L Autoclave at 0,5bar After autoclavage let cool down until 55Â °C Add G418 to have a final concentration of 200mg/L (1 mL of 200mg/mL G418 in 1L of YPD) (Genetics of Intra Specie Variations) Identification of mating types and cross mating Using 96 well plate, colonies of G418 resistance spores, which have been isolated from replica platting method, were inoculated in 100ul of YPD and 7ulof DMSO and incubated overnight at 30Â °C. This stock can be stored at -20Â °C. The RT2 a strain and RT3 ÃŽ ± strain were allowed to grow in 5ml YPD culture overnight at 30Â °C. Following that two separated 96 well plates were used by filling each well with 10Â µl of the RT2 a strain or RT3 ÃŽ ± strain separately. Then 10Â µl of the tested samples were added each well of the known strains. These were then incubated overnight at 30oC. Following incubation, metal frogger was used to replica plate the crosses onto deficiency plates without leucine and tryptophan. The incubation period was allowed until the colonies were able to be obtained on the deficient media. For crossing, 2ul of the stock spores were pipetted on to deficiency plates without methionine and deficient plates without lysine. This was incubated at 30Â °C until the growth was determined. When all data of the deficiency plates and mating types was known, cross spores of opposite mating type and one defficiency was done by adding 10ul of each mating stock culture into an eppendrof tube and incubated overnight at 30Â °C. Strain confirmation To confirm that the picked cells were haploid spores and that the cells were originally BY4743 yeast, all dissected spores were grown on different SD media. RUF22 G418 -URA -HIS -LEU LYS -MET 1A + + + 1B + 1C 1D + + 2A + + + 2B + + 2C 2D + 3A + + 3B + 3C + 3D + + 4A + + 4B 4C + + 4D + + 5A + 5B + 5C + 5D + + + 6A + + 6B + + 6C + 6D + 7A + 7B + 7C + + 7D + + Table 2: Growth of the deletion strain tetrads on different SD media for RUF22 gene. Each colony was scored for significant growth (+) or no/poor growth (-) on each medium. RUF21 G418 -URA -HIS -LEU LYS -MET 1A + 1B + 1C + + 1D + + 2A + 2B + + 2C + + 2D + 3A + + 3B + 3C + 3D + + 4A + + 4B + + 4C + + 4D 5A + 5B + + 5C 5D + + + 6A + + 6B + + 6C + 6D + Table 3: Growth of the deletion strain tetrads on different SD media for RUF21 gene. Each colony was scored for significant growth (+) or no/poor growth (-) on each medium. TLC1 G418 -URA -HIS -LEU LYS -MET 1A + + 1B + + 1C 1D + + 2A + + 2B + + + 2C 2D + 3A + + + 3B + 3C + 3D + 4A + + 4B + 4C + 4D + + 5A 5B + + 5C + 5D + + + 6A + + 6B + + 6C 6D + + 7A 7B 7C + + + 7D + + + Table 4: Growth of the deletion strain tetrads on different SD media for TL gene. Each colony was scored for significant growth (+) or no/poor growth (-) on each medium. The data in Tables 2 and 3 shows the results of the dissected RUF22 and RUF21 spores after being given the required time to grow. It was found that there was no growth in the SD(-URA), SD(-HIS) and SD(-LEU) plates indicating that they were BY4743-derived tetrads. Moreover, the growth of the spores observed in the YPD+G418, SD(-MET) and SD(-LYS) in the case of RUF22 and RUF21 deleted strains indicating that these cells derived from tetrads and were haploid knockouts. References Genetics of Intra Specie Variations. (n.d.). Retrieved September 19, 2014, from http://www.ens-lyon.fr/LBMC/gisv/index.php/en/protocols/yeast-methods/72-yeast-media-recipes Mattick JS, M. I. (2006, April 15). Pub Med. Retrieved September 19, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16651366

Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress and John Donnes A Valedictorian:

Andrew Marvell's To His Coy Mistress and John Donne's A Valedictorian: Forbidding Mourning One may define poetry as imaginative and creative writing which uses elements like rhyme, meter, and imagery to express personal thoughts, feelings, or ideas. Certain subjects recur frequently in poetry such as carpe diem, nature, death, and family. Andrew Marvell's "To His Coy Mistress" and John Donne's "A Valediction: Forbiddmg Mourning," focus on the prevalent topic of love. Although both poems emphasize the importance and meaning of love, the tone of each poem reveals differences with regard to the conception and magnitude of the love; the diction shows contrasting ways in which each poet incorporates love into the overall theme while distinct figurative language devices further convey the themes. All of these differences add to the understanding and effectiveness of the poems. In "To His Coy Mistress," the speaker does not conceive of true, ardent love; to him, love does not go beyond the realm of physical beauty or, perhaps, the realm of his mistress's bedroom. The tone of the first stanza illustrates the insincerity and exaggeration of the speaker with comments like, "An hundred years should go to praise / Thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze / Two hundred to adore each breast..." (13-15). Here, the speaker appears to be flirting and fawning upon his young mistress. The second stanza differs greatly from the first in that instead of using flattery to seek love or sexual favors from his mistress, the speaker resorts to blatant honesty. One may describe the tone as altogether realistic, gloomy, and eerie. In this stanza, the speaker clearly explains that his love will diminish when his mistress's beauty fades as he say... ...d easily manipulated; therefore, their love much like the gold can withstand change. Again, in the .final three stanzas, Donne metaphorically compares the two lovers to a compass. As long as his lady remains "firm" (35) or "fixed" (27) like the :fixed foot in the center of the circle, then the she can anticipate her love's return as he completes his journey, his path around the circle. Poems may share certain characteristics, but they often possess unique attributes. Andrew Marvell's "To His Coy Mistress" and John Donne's "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning," similarly concentrate on the subject of love. However, each poet contrasts in his conception of love and the way he chooses to disclose this conception through tone, diction, and other figurative language devices. By recognizing the differences, one comes to value and appreciate each poem's significance.

Reward Impacts on Job Satisfaction

Reward means giving or receiving something for a desirable effort or behavior. In this essay, impacts of external rewards will be discussed, such as privileges, money and other incentive. Using reward policy could be beneficial to organizations as well as employees. As a matter of fact there are a lot of evidence that have been provided by researchers, which show the direct relation between reward, performance and job satisfaction. In contrast, punishment is found necessary to apply in order to balance the strategy. This essay will compare the use of reward and punishment as well as ageing how incentive is to apply reward strategy within the organization. The essay is divided into two parts: first it will show the impact of reward on the employee’s job satisfaction as well as performance. Secondly, how reward will fortify the sense of competition and productivity among the employees. Ultimately, the essay concludes that the reward has positive effect on the employee’s performance within an organization. Every organization’s success is so dependent on its staff performance and therefore, keeping those employees motivated should be in the organization priority’s list. Much research has been conducted to explore the relationship between reward and performance. kilman(1989) found positive relation is so perceivable between reward and performance, however it was more specific in management . † More specifically, the reward system should be aligned to motivate employee performance that is consistent with the firm's strategy†, (Galbraith, 1973 Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 4 No. 2, 2001, p. 114). Lazear (2000) shows significant positive effects of incentive pay on productivity (in the range of a 44-percent gain) in his unique dataset of a firm. These finding are all practical, reliable and applicable for organizations, hence employee’s level of performance can be increased by applying contingent reward in the organization’s strategy. Performance by employees is crucial to organization, so as employee job satisfaction, which is one of the incentive that helps to increase the employees to performance as well as encouraging them to focus more on their job. Like performance, employee’s job satisfaction can be increased by applying rewards. (Ritz,scott and cherrington, 1971). The reward can not increase the performance all the time but it always will increase the job satisfaction, therefore, based on the researches we could assume that the reward will fortify the employee’s satisfaction and since it benefits the organization by making its employee more committed and focus on their job, ultimately the organization’s yield will increase.